The World Health Organization defines probiotics as “live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host”.

It has been suggested that the term “probiotic” should be reserved for live microbes that have been shown in controlled human studies to impart a human health benefit. Probiotics are intended to assist the body’s naturally occurring gut microbiota. Gut bacteria have many functions in the body and affect gut health and immune function.1

Gastro-intestinal issues could occur when there is an imbalance of gut bacteria. Probiotics are known to have particular properties such as resistance to acid pH, bile tolerance, tolerance to pancreatic fluid, adhesion and invasion capacity in the intestinal epithelial cells. The above properties permit their survival in the gastrointestinal tract and the improvement of the intestinal balance.2 Please consult your healthcare professional if probiotics will help your gastro-intestinal issue.

Most probiotics taxonomically belong to two genera, Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli 3. However, the following may also be added in probiotics supplements: • species of Lactococcus, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus • some non-pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli Nissle 1917) • yeast strains (Saccharomyces boulardii)

Please refer to the method of administration indicated on the probiotics packaging for the recommendations.

How quickly probiotics work will depend on several factors. A study4 found that the type of probiotic strain, health condition, product formula, product quality, and dose are all important for effectiveness. Some may recommend probiotics for targeted therapy to treat acute symptoms, such as traveler’s diarrhea. In these cases, a person may notice the effects as soon as a few days later. For example, older research5 suggests that in combination with rehydration therapy, probiotic treatment can help reduce the duration and frequency of diarrhea by 24-25 hours. For more chronic conditions, dysbiosis, or general immune health, it can take weeks of continuous use to see probiotics’ effects, while extended use may be better. Continuous use of the correct probiotics may offer the best chance for symptom reduction and overall gut health.

Some yogurts don’t contain live microorganisms or they contain insufficient amounts of them. Check if the label states the strain or strains contained in the yogurt and the number of live cells guaranteed until the best-before date: the product portion recommended for daily consumption must contain at least 109 live cells for at least one of the strains present.8 Most yogurt brands do not contain probiotic strains such as Sustenium’s LGG and B. lactic L H019. Furthermore, each sachet of Sustenium probiotics contains negligible level of calories.

• Single-strain products (one single strain) • Multi-strain products (several different strains) The study of the possible beneficial effects of multi-strain formulations must be specific and not limited to simply adding up the evidence regarding the effects of the various strains mixed together.

Some yogurts don’t contain live microorganisms or they contain insufficient amounts of them. Check if the label states the strain or strains contained in the yogurt and the number of live cells guaranteed until the best-before date: the product portion recommended for daily consumption must contain at least 109 live cells for at least one of the strains present.8 Most yogurt brands do not contain probiotic strains such as Sustenium’s LGG and B. lactic L H019. Furthermore, each sachet of Sustenium probiotics contains negligible level of calories.

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is one of the most studied probiotics strain, with more than 1100 scientific mentions, it is widely research, fulfilling the following criteria11: • Produce an antimicrobial substance • Resistance to acid and bile • Beneficial effects of human health • Attachment to human epithelial cells • Colonize the human intestine • Good growth characteristics

BL HN019 probiotics strain is a widely studied probiotics genus, to provide support of gut microbiome, including in the elderly: it shown to reduce the frequency of functional gastrointestinal symptoms, such as irregular bowel movements.12

Sustenium REcharge and PROhydra, which contain LGG probiotics strains, are suitable for 3+ children. The LGG bacterial strain is the most studied probiotics strain, with more than 1,100 scientific mentions and the best studied probiotics preparation in children.13 If your child has pre-existing health condition, you may like to discuss the use of probiotics for your child with your healthcare professional.

It is dependent on the probiotics strain used in the probiotics product. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), the probiotics used in Sustenium REcharge and PROhydra, is resistant to acid and bile11; B lactic HN 019, the probiotics strain used in Sustenium PROgold, survives intestinal transit.14

Sustenium probiotics is sold by Menarini, the leading biopharmaceutical company in Italy. For Sustenium REcharge and PROhydra, LGG probiotics strain is used. It is one of the most studied probiotics strain, with more than 1100 scientific mentions. It is widely researched fulfilling the following criteria11: Produce an antimicrobial substance Resistance to acid and bile Beneficial effects of human health For PROgold, BL HN019 probiotics strain is used. It is a widely studied probiotics genus, to provide support of gut microbiome, including in the elderly; it is shown to reduce the frequency of functional gastrointestinal symptoms, such as irregular bowel movements. 12 Furthermore, Sustenium is a 2-in-1 probiotics, offering you value adding vitamins and/or minerals to meet your specific needs on top of promoting intestinal flora balance. REcharge has added Vit B6, which promotes metabolism and enhances immunity. PROgold has added Vit B12, which reduces fatigue and tiredness; Vit C, which maintain normal function of immune system. It also has added Zinc, which protects cell from oxidative stress. PROhydra has added mineral salt, which helps rehydration and replenishes electrolytes, recommended after gastrointestinal discomfort.

It is recommended that you discuss the use of Sustenium PROgold to support your constipation treatment plan with your healthcare professional.

Guarner F et al. J Clin Gastroenterol 2012 Jul; 46 (6): 468-481. Stavropoulou E et al. Frontiers in Immunology 2020; 11; article 2192 minello VL et al. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 451 (Pt A): 88 – 96 Sniffen JC et al. PLoS ONE 2018; 13 (12): e0209205. Allen SJ et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010; 2010 (11): CD003048 Dale HF et al. Nutrients 2019; 11 (9): 2048 – 2063 Zhang H et al. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2018; 3 (2): 113 – 120 Ministry of Health, Italy, Guidelines on Probiotics and Prebiotics (Revised in March 2018 SIFAC, Protocol on the selection criteria and on the rational advice of probiotics in pharmacy, March 2017 International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics, 2019 Doron S et al. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2005; 34 (3): 483 – 498 Ibarra A et al. Gut Microbes 2018; 9 (3): 236 – 251 Bousvaros A et al. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2005; 11 : 833 – 839 Sanders M E, J Clin Gastroenterol 2006, Volume 40, Number 9 Sustenium probiotics packaging

We recommend a daily dose of Probiotics Sustenium REcharge and PROgold probiotics to maintain good gut health. Sustenium PROhydra is recommended to be consumed when there is episode of gastrointestinal discomfort to rehydrate and replenish lost electrolytes.If you have doubt on your health condition, please consult your healthcare professional.

Sustenium probiotics is sold by Menarini, the leading biopharmaceutical company in Italy.For Sustenium REcharge and PROhydra, LGG probiotics strain is used. It is one of the most studied probiotics strain, with more than 1100 scientific mentions. It is widely researched fulfilling the following criteria11:• Produce an antimicrobial substance• Resistance to acid and bile• Beneficial effects of human healthFor PROgold, BL HN019 probiotics strain is used. It is a widely studied probiotics genus, to provide support of gut microbiome, including in the elderly; it shown to reduce the frequency of functional gastrointestinal symptoms, such as irregular bowel movements. 12Furthermore, Sustenium is a 2-in-1 probiotics, offering you value adding vitamins and/or minerals to meet your specific needs on top of promoting intestinal flora balance.REcharge has added Vit B6, which promotes metaboli and enhances immunity.PROgold has added Vit B12, which reduces fatigue and tiredness; Vit C, which maintain normal function of immune system. It also has added Zinc, which protects cell from oxidative stress.PROhydra has added mineral salt, which helps rehydration and replenishes electrolytes, recommended after gastrointestinal discomfort.

As Sustenium REcharge and PROgold probiotics are health supplements, we recommend the daily usage of Sustenium probiotics to maintain good gut health.

It’s true that probiotics are extremely sensitive to environmental factors such as light, temperature, humidity and oxygen, which can affect their viability, but the right packaging should protect them from humidity and oxygen.9 So we recommend consumers do not expose the product to heat sources or sudden temperature changes, keep it protected from light and preferably at a temperature below 25°C.15

What’s LGG probiotics strain?Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is one of the most studied probiotics strain, with more than 1100 scientific mentions, it is widely research, fulfilling the following criteria11:• Produce an antimicrobial substance• Resistance to acid and bile• Beneficial effects of human health• Attachment to human epithelial cells• Colonize the human intestine• Good growth characteristicsIs it Sustenium probiotics suitable for children?Sustenium REcharge and PROhydra, which contain LGG probiotics strains, are suitable for 3+ children.The LGG bacterial strain is the most studied probiotics strain, with more than 1,100 scientific mentions and the best studied probiotics preparation in children.13If your child has pre-existing health condition, you may like to discuss the use of probiotics for your child with your healthcare professional.

What’s LGG probiotics strain?Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is one of the most studied probiotics strain, with more than 1100 scientific mentions, it is widely research, fulfilling the following criteria11:• Produce an antimicrobial substance• Resistance to acid and bile• Beneficial effects of human health• Attachment to human epithelial cells• Colonize the human intestine• Good growth characteristicsIs it Sustenium probiotics suitable for children?Sustenium REcharge and PROhydra, which contain LGG probiotics strains, are suitable for 3+ children.The LGG bacterial strain is the most studied probiotics strain, with more than 1,100 scientific mentions and the best studied probiotics preparation in children.13If your child has pre-existing health condition, you may like to discuss the use of probiotics for your child with your healthcare professional.

What’s Bifidobacterium lactic (BL) HN019 probiotics strain?BL HN019 probiotics strain is a widely studied probiotics genus, to provide support of gut microbiome, including in the elderly: it shown to reduce the frequency of functional gastrointestinal symptoms, such as irregular bowel movements.12I am taking constipation drug, shall I use Sustenium PROgold to replace?It is recommended that you discuss the use of Sustenium PROgold to support your constipation treatment plan with your healthcare professional.

1.Guarner F et al. J Clin Gastroenterol 2012 Jul; 46 (6): 468-481.2.Stavropoulou E et al. Frontiers in Immunology 2020; 11; article 2192,3.minello VL et al. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 451 (Pt A): 88 – 96,4.Sniffen JC et al. PLoS ONE 2018; 13 (12): e0209205.5.Allen SJ et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010; 2010 (11): CD003048,6.Dale HF et al. Nutrients 2019; 11 (9): 2048 – 2063,7.Zhang H et al. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2018; 3 (2): 113 – 120,8.Ministry of Health, Italy, Guidelines on Probiotics and Prebiotics (Revised in March 2018,9.SIFAC, Protocol on the selection criteria and on the rational advice of probiotics in pharmacy, March 2017,10.International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics, 2019,11.Doron S et al. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2005; 34 (3): 483 – 498,12.Ibarra A et al. Gut Microbes 2018; 9 (3): 236 – 251,13.Bousvaros A et al. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2005; 11 : 833 – 839,14.Sanders M E, J Clin Gastroenterol 2006, Volume 40, Number 9,15.Sustenium probiotics packaging